TV static has become one of the most recognisable images associated with visual ITC. The shimmering, shifting pattern of un-tuned television screens becomes a potential medium through which spirits might attempt to form shapes, symbols, or brief visual impressions.

Even though analogue broadcast signals have declined and the classic "snowy screen" belongs to a past era of broadcasting, the idea behind this technique has stayed surprisingly resilient, and many investigators deliberately seek out this older technology or recreate the effect digitally.

In the analogue era, an un-tuned television displayed a field of random noise. The pattern was created by electrical interference, atmospheric signals and fragments of stray broadcast energy. The result was a constantly moving texture with no fixed structure.42Investigators recognised that a field of shifting noise behaves in a similar way to other ITC methods. It never repeats, it produces endless spontaneous patterns, and it allows fleeting shapes, impressions or structures...